A nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitor called tenofovir is used to treat human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) is tenofovir's oral prodrug. Reports reveal that acute renal failure, fanconi’s syndrome (FS), dysregulation of divalent ion metabolism, and diabetes insipidus linked with its use. Dysfunction of the renal proximal tubule is associated to fanconi syndrome. A generalised reabsorption defect, leading to the wasting of phosphate, amino acids, glucose, and bicarbonate is the primary pathologic characteristic. Therefore, it is crucial to understand the clinical characteristics and differential diagnosis of this syndrome. This is a case report of a 45-year-old female patient who presents with antiretroviral therapy (ART) induced fanconi syndrome.

Keywords: Antiretroviral therapy, Diabetes insipidus, Fanconi syndrome, Human immunodeficiency virus, Renal failure.