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Optimization of carob (Ceratonia siliqua) germination in various Moroccan ecotypes

. Yassine Mouniane, Ahmed Chriqui, Issam El-Khadir, Fatima Zahra Hafid, Ouafaa Hammouyahya, Faiza Rezki and Driss Hmouni


Abstract

The carob tree is a leguminous plant that is cultivated for multiple purposes. That is, it is grown not only for its production, but also for reforestation in dry and degraded areas threatened by soil erosion and desertification. However, large-scale cultivation of this species is complicated by the difficulty of propagating by cuttings or seeds. In our study, we were interested in propagating carob trees by germination using physical and chemical pretreatments to reduce seed coat hardness. The seeds tested are from his four national ecotypes: Agadir (southwest), Khemissat (northwest), Ouazanne (northwest) and Safi (west). For the scarification we used sulfuric acid, boiling water, pinching the seeds and then soaking them for two days in water, soaking in warm water for ten days, and sowing in Petri dishes. The results obtained showed that the treatment of sulfuric acid and pinching followed by soaking in water for two days are effective since they gave high germination rates (80%) and a short average time of germination (2 - 3 days). Depending on the ecotype, the Agadir region has the best seeds with higher germination compared to other regions tested.

 

Index Terms- Germination, carob, sulfuric acid, Boiling water, Mechanical Scarification.

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