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Exploring Inclusive Tourism Development - Case Study of Beachfront Development in Manora Pakistan

. Sarah Ather Khan, Department of Architecture and Planning, NED University of Engineering and Technology, Karachi, Pakistan


Abstract

Tourism is a significant social and economic phenomenon globally. Government and/or private organizations foster and profit from natural environments under the guise of tourism. In the wake of global inequality and exclusive nature of tourism, inclusive tourism development is considered as a sustainable alternative where the benefits of tourism are shared by all, hosts community and tourists irrespective of their ethnicity, ability and socioeconomic status. Inclusion is seen as a universal human right and inclusive tourism development incorporates, reflects, and is informed by economically, socially, and spatially excluded stakeholders in decision-making, policy, and practice. Manora, a small peninsula near Karachi, has been favored for local and foreign tourists since long. Recent interest of promoting tourism in Manora has led to the development of a Beachfront Park along its southern beach. Drawing on observations and qualitative-quantitative interviews from the stakeholders, this paper seeks to perform a comprehensive analysis of social and economic impacts that recent beachfront development project has on the people and context of Manora peninsula through the lens of inclusive tourism development. This study's goal is to identify how Beachfront Park influences inhabitants' social and economic well-being, including employment opportunities, income through local produce, social inclusion, and the improvement of Manora's physical and social infrastructure.

Index Terms- Inclusive Tourism Development, Manora, Socioeconomic Impacts

 

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