Medicinal Cannabis is one of the earliest herbs globally used as traditional medicine by the human being for million years ago. Medicinal Cannabis (Cannabis sativa L.) is a dioecious and an annual plant that belongs to Cannabaceae family. It has long history of cultivation for food, intoxicants & medicine, rope, paper, fiber, and oil extraction. Due to diverse therapeutic properties, it is legalized over 50 countries and cultivated as medicinal and recreational crop. This review was aimed at collecting information about medicinal cannabis ranging from traditional use to commercial utilization. This review article is based on gathering scientific literature from Google Scholar, Scopus, PubMed, Science Direct, Wiley Online Library, Taylor Francis and Springer with 95 documents including original articles, review articles, books and thesis from 1977 to 2022. It entails detailed discussion on medicinal uses linked with major secondary metabolites. Besides, cultivation practices are being discussed in detail for both controlled and indoor environmental conditions coupled with nutrients application. It can be concluded that much of the work need to be done for the validation of ethnobotanical claims by conducting detailed studies on exploring various phytocannabinoids regarding medicinal use through in vitro and in vivo activities and way forward for its commercial utilization.

Index Terms- Cannabinoids, CBD oil, Phytocannabinoids, Inflammation, Cultivation practices