Nanoparticles have a wide range of potential to use in many fields which give advantages to human beings in daily life for instance agriculture, healthcare, food, textiles and many mores. There are several types of nanoparticles and their synthesis methods for example the green synthesis method, which is a convenient method to synthesis of nanoparticles (NPs) with desired properties. On the other hand the chemical methods are quite expensive and environmental unfriendly. Using living cells to create NPs is a novel and promising bio nanotechnology approach. Numerous living things, such as bacteria, fungus, yeast, algae, actinomycetes, and plant extracts, are capable of producing NPs either intra or extracellularly. Different methods, such as UV-vis spectroscopy, FT-IR, TEM, SEM, AFM, DLS, XRD, zeta potential studies, etc. are used to find and characterize biosynthesized NPs. In addition to being used in the food and textile industries, smart agriculture, and wastewater treatment, NPs created using the green approach can be incorporated into various biotechnological fields as antimicrobial, antitumor, and antioxidant agents, as a control for phytopathogens, and as bioremediative factors. In addition to uncountable advantages green synthesis method have some challenge’s for instance lack of raw material and their specific time to harvest, mature and difficult to access the desired raw materials. This review will explain the potential to use the green synthesis NPs and the challenges face in synthesis.

Index Terms- Nanoparticles (NPs), Characterization, Green synthesis, TEM, SEM, FT-IR