Corona Virus disease has shown wide-ranging clinical signs, the spectrum of clinical symptoms ranges from mild flu to pneumonia-like symptoms which can evolve into acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). To give an idea about the diagnosis and hyper inflammation condition, a collection of laboratory tests was carried out. The objective of this study was to investigate the inflammatory and hematological parameters of COVID-19-positive individuals and to correlate these parameters with disease severity. A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted in CMH Lahore for a six-month duration, on a sample size of 120 individuals. Patients were divided into three groups: mild, moderate, and critical; on the basis of their clinical condition. The hematological and immunological biochemical parameters comprising WBC count, platelets, serum d-dimers, and C-reactive proteins were examined in the pathology laboratory at CMH Lahore Hospital. The data was analyzed using SPSS version 25 and Graph-pad Prism. Total Leukocyte count levels were raised in recovered critical patients (p value ≤ 0.05) as well as in dead patients (p value ≤ 0.05) as compared to recovered mild patients and recovered moderate patients. Dead patients had shown significantly higher levels of CRP (237.3 mg/L). d-Dimers levels were significantly correlated with the severity of disease in all three groups of dead patients (r=0.57 p≤0.05). No significant difference was observed in the number of platelets in the study groups. Investigated hematological and immunological parameters were correlated with disease severity and mortality. These parameters were significantly raised in critically diseased patients as compared to mild and moderately diseased patients except for the platelet counts.

Index Terms- : COVID-19; disease severity; hematological parameters; Immunological Parameters; outcome