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Ethnobotany, phytochemicals screening and nutritional profile of Pistachia khinjuk fruits from the District Hernai, Balochistan, Pakistan

. Bakht Zareen Rahim, Rahmatullah Qureshi, Mehmooda Munazir, Syed Sabir Hussain Shah, Saba latif & Ayesha Siddiqa


Abstract

The main objective of the study was to record ethnobotany, phytochemical screening and nutritional profile of wild fruits of Pistachia khinjuk collected from District Henai, Balochistan, Pakistan during November, 2018. During the survey, ethnobotany was recorded and the fruits were screened for the presence of phytochmicals and nutritional components such as proximate and mineral analysis using standard techniques. The ethnobotanical information revealed that the wild fruit is eaten by the locals during winter season as source of energy and nutritional supplement and sold in the local market. The phytochemical screening depicted that solvents such as aqueous, acetone, n- hexane, petroleum ether and methanol showed the presence of alkaloids in fruit extract. Tannins and saponins were noticed only by an aqueous extract; while phenols were detected through four solvents such as aqueous, acetone, petroleum ether and ethyl acetate. Flavonoids were detected by acetone and petroleum ether. The dietary components revealed that fruit possesses with the highest percentage of dry matter (93%), followed by crude fat (45%), crude fibre (22%), carbohydrates (14%), crude protein (7%), moisture content (6.1%) and the total ash (2.9%).Similarly, the minerals composition showed that fruit possessedphosphorus in the highest amount (11.79%), followed by iron (4.12%), zinc (1.03%), copper (0.041%), manganese (0.813%), potassium (0.98%); whereas, sodium was found scarcely (0.09%). This study conclude that the studied fruit is rich in phytochemicals, nutritional and mineral components and can serve in mitigating human diseases and nutritional deficiencies that augments further research before its commercial production and also introduce in the market.

Index Terms- Pistacia khinjuk fruits, Solvent extracts, Phytochemical screening, Nutritional analysis, Mineral content.

 

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