The contents of trace elements (Al, Fe, S, Si, Cu, Cr, Sr, Mn and Zn) and macro-elements (Na, K, Ca, Mg, and P) in the muscle, liver and kidney of four freshwater fish species; (Bagarius bagarius, Channa marulius, Mastacembelus armatus, and Notopterus notopterus) from Head Trimmu (river Chenab) in Pakistan were examined through wet digestion method and samples were analyzed through Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectroscopy. The study also evaluated the potential risks to human health associated with consuming these fishes by calculating estimated daily intake (EDI) and Target hazard quotient (THQ) values. The results showed that calcium was the most abundant macro-element in fish muscles, while phosphorus was observed to be the second-most abundant element, followed by potassium, sodium, and magnesium. The most frequent trace elements in all the four freshwater species were aluminium, sulphur and iron. The concentration of toxic trace elements was higher in the fish kidney and liver than in their muscles. The interactions between fish species and their tissues were only significant for Al, Mn, S, and Sr (p<0.05), according to a two-way ANOVA. However, maximum trace element concentrations in the muscles of different fish species were below allowable limits. The predicted EDI values for hazardous trace elements in four fish species were significantly lower than the consequent acceptable daily intakes, indicating that consumption of these fishes is safe. The THQ and total target hazard quotient (TTHQ) values for all four species were less than 1, indicating that there is no serious concern to consumers’ health. In conclusion, this study showed that none of the four species from the Head Trimmu reservoir contained harmful trace elements that pose a serious risk to consumers' health. However, it is important to continue monitoring the levels of trace and macro-elements in fishes to ensure that they remain safe for consumption.

Index Terms-Estimated Daily Intake, Fish, Head Trimmu, Macro-elements, Risk Assessment, Trace elements