The topic of capital structure is one of the most researched subjects in the field of financial management due to its connection to one of the most important financial decisions in a company, which is the financing decision. This is because it affects the company's value on one hand and its competitive ability on the other. Based on this idea, this study examines the effect of capital structure on the value of Syrian banks listed on the Damascus Securities Exchange for the period 2017-2023.

This study aims to analyze the impact of capital structure on the value of Syrian commercial banks listed on the Damascus Securities Exchange, with an examination of the role bank size plays in this relationship during the period (2017-2023). The study employed a descriptive-analytical approach, using panel data for a sample of 11 commercial banks. Multiple regression models were applied to analyze published financial data and test the study's hypotheses.

The results revealed a nuanced relationship between capital structure and value. The Debt-to-Equity ratio was strongly and positively associated with bank value (Beta=1.076), whereas the Debt-to-Assets ratio had a strong negative association (Beta=−0.421). Additionally, the results showed a negative impact of bank size on value (Beta=−0.061). The study's findings suggest that the

type of financial leverage, not just its existence, is the decisive determinant of value in Syria's volatile economic context.

The study recommends that banks meticulously balance their debt-equity mix, considering bank size as a strategic influencing factor. These findings provide critical insights for financial managers and policymakers aiming to optimize capital structures amidst the unique socio-economic constraints in Syria.

Keywords: Capital Structure; Bank Value; Syrian Banks.