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Faith, Stigma, and Survival: A Qualitative Exploration of Psychosocial, Religious, Mental Health, Social Support, and Resilience among Transgender Individuals in Pakistan
Transgender individuals in Pakistan live at the intersection of rigid gender norms, religious interpretations, and widespread social stigma. Although legal recognition has improved in recent years, the lived realities of transgender people remain characterized by marginalization, discrimination, and psychological distress. This qualitative study explores the lived experiences of transgender individuals in Pakistan through five interrelated dimensions: psychosocial experiences, religious beliefs, mental health outcomes, social support systems, and resilience. Using semi-structured interviews and reflexive thematic analysis, the study examines how transgender individuals navigate identity, faith, stigma, and survival within a deeply religious and collectivistic society. The findings reveal that psychosocial stressors such as family rejection, societal discrimination, and identity invalidation significantly affect mental health, leading to anxiety, depression, and emotional exhaustion. Religion emerges as a complex force, acting both as a source of inner conflict and as a powerful coping resource. Social support, particularly from peers, transgender communities, and non-governmental organizations, plays a crucial protective role. Despite persistent adversity, participants demonstrate remarkable resilience through faith-based meaning-making, adaptive coping strategies, and self-acceptance. The study highlights the urgent need for culturally sensitive mental health services, inclusive social policies, family-level interventions, and compassionate religious discourse to promote dignity, psychological well-being, and social justice for transgender individuals in Pakistan.
Keywords: Psychosocial, Religious, Mental Health, Social Support, Resilience, Transgender, Pakistan
