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Impact of heavy menstrual bleeding on quality of life and its association with anemia

. Ayesha Riaz1, Kalsoom Sughra, Saba Zahid, Adarsh Siddiqua, Muhammad Naeem Raza and Zunaira Firdoos


Abstract

Heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB) is a common gynecologic problem among the reproductive age women across the world that can lead to severe pathophysiological conditions such as anemia. This study was designed to find the prevalence of HMB among the reproductive age females of Gujranwala Division, Pakistan with the aim to assess possible relationship of HMB with anemia and its impact on health related quality of life. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 504 reproductive age women of Gujranwala Division, Pakistan. Data was collected by the questionnaire including questions about demographic information, menstrual features as well as SF-36 Quality of Life Scale and Fatigue Severity Scale. Blood samples were collected through venipuncture from 64 consented patients and 20 controls for further biochemical analysis. Statistical analysis was performed by using Graph Pad Prism (Version-8.0.1). During this study we identified that QoL status was statistically poor in women with HMB women as compared to women with normal menstruation. Biochemical analysis declared that iron status among HMB women was significantly below the normal values recommended by World Health Organization (WHO) as compared to women without HMB (P<0.001). Briefly HMB imparts negative impact on QoL by increasing fatigue and anemic risks. Measures are needed to aware the population about pathophysiological consequences of HMB and to address the health problems related to HMB.

KEYWORDS: Heavy menstrual bleeding, Quality of life, Hemoglobin, Hematocrit, Dysmenorrhea.

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